a) 2Zn+O2--->2ZnO

x----------0,5x

4Al+3O2--->2Al2O3

y-------0,75y

n O2=5,6/22,4=0,25(mol)

Theo bài ta có hpt

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}65x+27y=18,4\\0,5x+0,75y=0,25\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)

%m Zn =0,2.65/18,4.100%=71,43%

%m Al=100%-71,43=28,57%

b) Zn+2HCl--->ZnCl2+H2(1)

2Al+6HCl---->2AlCl3+3H2(2)

Nếu cho 9,2g hh X như trên thì n Zn=n Al=0,1(mol)

theo pthh1

n H2=n Zn=0,1(mol)

Theo pthh2

n H2=3/2n Al=0,15(mol)

Tổng n H2=0,25(mol)

V H2=0,25.22,4=5,6(l)

Đáp án B

Chú ý:

- Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Mg}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow27a+24b=10,2\left(1\right)\)

Khí thu được sau p/ứ là khí H₂: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)

2                                         3       (mol)

a                                        3/2 a   (mol)

\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

1                                        1   (mol)

b                                         b   (mol)

Từ hai PTHH trên ta có: \(\dfrac{3}{2}a+b=0,5\left(2\right)\)

\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right)\) ta có hệ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+24b=10,2\\\dfrac{3}{2}a+b=0,5\end{matrix}\right.\)

Giải ra ta có \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,2\left(mol\right)\\b=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

a) \(\%Al=\dfrac{m_{Al}}{m_{hh}}.100\%=\dfrac{0,2.27}{10,2}.100\%\approx52,94\%\)

\(\%Mg=100\%-\%Al=100\%-52,94=47,06\%\)

b)

 \(3H_2+Fe_2O_3\rightarrow^{t^0}2Fe+3H_2O\)

3               1              2  (mol)

0,5            1/6         1/3  (mol)

\(m_{Fe}=\dfrac{1}{3}.56=\dfrac{56}{3}\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{Fe_2O_3\left(pứ\right)}=\dfrac{1}{6}.160=\dfrac{80}{3}\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{Fe_2O_3\left(dư\right)}=60-m_{Fe}=60-\dfrac{56}{3}=\dfrac{124}{3}\left(g\right)\)

\(a=\dfrac{124}{3}+\dfrac{80}{3}=68\left(g\right)\)

a)Gọi x,y lần lượt là số mol của Al, Fe trong hỗn hợp ban đầu (x,y>0)

Sau phản ứng hỗn hợp muối khan gồm: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}AlCl_3:x\left(mol\right)\\FeCl_2:y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Ta có hệ phương trình: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27x+56y=13,9\\133,5x+127y=38\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\approx0,0896\\y\approx0,205\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,0896\cdot27\cdot100\%}{13,9}\approx17,4\%\\\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,205\cdot56\cdot100\%}{13,9}\approx82,6\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

Theo Bảo toàn nguyên tố Cl, H ta có:\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{n_{HCl}}{2}=\dfrac{3n_{AlCl_3}+2n_{FeCl_2}}{2}\\ =\dfrac{3\cdot0,0896+2\cdot0,205}{2}=0,3394mol\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,3394\cdot22,4\approx7,6l\)

a)Gọi : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{MgO}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)⇒ 24a + 40b = 8,8(1)

\(Mg + 2HCl \to MgCl_2 + H_2\\ MgO + 2HCl \to MgCl_2 + H_2O\)

Theo PTHH : 

\(n_{MgCl_2} = a + b = \dfrac{28,5}{95} = 0,3(2)\)

Từ (1)(2) suy ra:  a = 0,2 ; b = 0,1

Vậy : 

\(m_{Mg} = 0,2.24 = 4,8(gam) ; m_{MgO} = 0,1.40 = 4(gam)\\ \%m_{Mg} = \dfrac{4,8}{8,8}.100\% = 54,54\%\\ \%m_{MgO} = 100\% -54,54\% = 45,45\%\)

b)

\(n_{HCl} = 2n_{MgCl_2} = 0,3.2 = 0,6(mol)\\ C\%_{HCl} = \dfrac{0,6.36,5}{200}.100\% = 10,95\%\)

\(n_{Zn}=a\left(mol\right),n_{Al}=b\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8.96}{22.4}=0.4\left(mol\right)\)

\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+H_2\)

\(n_{H_2}=a+1.5b=0.4\left(mol\right)\left(1\right)\)

\(m_{Muối}=m_{ZnCl_2}+m_{AlCl_3}=136a+133.5b=40.3\left(g\right)\left(2\right)\)

\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=0.1,b=0.2\)

\(m_{hh}=0.1\cdot65+0.2\cdot27=11.9\left(g\right)\)

\(\%Zn=\dfrac{0.1\cdot65}{11.9}\cdot100\%=54.62\%\)

\(\%Al=100-54.62=45.38\%\)

\(m_{O_2}=44.6-28.6=16\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{16}{32}=0.5\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2O}=4n_{O_2}=0.5\cdot4=2\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{Muối}=m_{Kl}+m_{Cl-}=28.6+2\cdot35.5=99.6\left(g\right)\)

\(\text{Đặt }n_{Al}=x(mol);n_{Fe}=y(mol)\\ \Rightarrow 27x+56y=13,9(1)\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{7,84}{22,4}=0,35(mol)\\ a,PTHH:2Al+6HCl\to 2AlCl_3+3H_2(1)\\ Fe+2HCl\to FeCl_2+H_2(2)\\ b,\text{Từ 2 PT: }1,5x+y=0,35(2)\\ (1)(2)\Rightarrow x=0,1(mol);y=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,1.27=2,7(g)\\ m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2(g)\)

\(c,n_{HCl(1)}=3n_{Al}=0,3(mol);n_{AlCl_3}=0,1(mol);n_{H_2(1)}=0,15(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{HCl(1)}}=\dfrac{0,3.36,5}{14,6\%}=75(g)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{0,1.133,5}{2,7+75-0,15.2}.100\%=17,25\%\)

\(n_{HCl(2)}=2n_{Fe}=0,4(mol);n_{FeCl_2}=n_{H_2(2)}=n_{Fe}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m{dd_{HCl(2)}}=\dfrac{0,4.36,5}{14,6\%}=100(g)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2.127}{11,2+100-0,2.2}.100\%=22,92\%\)

a) 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl₂ + H₂

b) Gọi số mol Al, Fe lần lượt là a,b 

=> 27a + 56b = 13,9

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{7,84}{22,4}=0,35\left(mol\right)\)

2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

a----->3a--------->a------->1,5a______(mol)

Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl₂ + H₂

b------>2b-------->b----->b__________(mol)

=> 1,5a + b = 0,35

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1=>m_{Al}=0,1.27=2,7\left(g\right)\\b=0,2=>m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

c) n_HCl = 3a + 2b = 0,7 (mol)

=> m_HCl = 0,7.36,5 = 25,55(g)

=> \(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{25,55.100}{14,6}=175\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{dd\left(saupu\right)}=13,9+175-2.0,35=188,2\left(g\right)\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{AlCl_3}=0,1.133,5=13,35\left(g\right)\\m_{FeCl_2}=0,2.127=25,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%\left(AlCl_3\right)=\dfrac{13,35}{188,2}.100\%=7,1\%\\C\%\left(FeCl_2\right)=\dfrac{25,4}{188,2}.100\%=13,5\%\end{matrix}\right.\)